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Nuclear Fusion
The energy of the stars on Earth: the holy grail of the energy transition
4
Projects
50%
Progress
3
Actors
Overview
Beyond ITER: private startups and public projects are closing in on commercial Q > 1. Tokamaks, inertial confinement, stellarators and alternative approaches.
Impact: Unlimited clean energy, end of fossil dependence, $40T+ market
Involved actors
Projects
Development
Commonwealth Fusion Systems — SPARC
Private-sector leader. $4B raised in total (July 2026). Record HTS magnets. ARC = commercial reactor.
55% — 2027
Helion Energy — Polaris
The only startup with a pre-signed customer: Microsoft, for commissioning in 2028 then at least 50 MW. Non-tokamak approach.
58% — 2028
TAE Technologies — Norm then Da Vinci
Aneutronic approach (proton-boron 11). One machine generation skipped. Google among the investors.
50% — 2030+
Zap Energy — Sheared-flow Z-pinch
A radically different approach. FuZE-Q prototype under construction.
35% — 2028